{"id":2077,"date":"2023-02-21T09:15:47","date_gmt":"2023-02-21T09:15:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/axislawconsulting.com\/?p=2077"},"modified":"2023-02-21T09:15:47","modified_gmt":"2023-02-21T09:15:47","slug":"eslerden-biri-digerinin-acik-rizasi-olmadan-aile-konutu-hakkinda-islem-yapabilir-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/axislawconsulting.com\/tr\/eslerden-biri-digerinin-acik-rizasi-olmadan-aile-konutu-hakkinda-islem-yapabilir-mi\/","title":{"rendered":"E\u015flerden Biri Di\u011ferinin A\u00e7\u0131k R\u0131zas\u0131 Olmadan Aile Konutu Hakk\u0131nda \u0130\u015flem Yapabilir mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"

E\u015flerden Biri Di\u011ferinin A\u00e7\u0131k R\u0131zas\u0131 Olmadan Aile Konutu Hakk\u0131nda \u0130\u015flem Yapabilir mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Toplumun en temel yap\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131 olan aileyi olu\u015fturan e\u015flerin ve di\u011fer aile fertlerinin ortak ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli olarak kalmak \u00fczere kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer onlar\u0131n yerle\u015fim yeridir. Bireylerin aile olduklar\u0131 noktada, yani e\u015flerin evlenme akdinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ile yerle\u015fim yerleri m\u00fc\u015fterek hale gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

Evlenme ile e\u015fler oturacaklar\u0131 konutu birlikte se\u00e7erler. Se\u00e7ilen konut ailenin her bir bireyi i\u00e7in ya\u015fam\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, ortak ya\u015fam\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, manevi olarak de\u011fer kazanan bir mekan olmaktad\u0131r. Bu mekan aile konutudur<\/strong>. Aile konutu bir ev olmaktan daha \u00f6te, yuva \u00f6zelliklerini ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Elbette ki her ailenin m\u00fclkiyeti kendisine ait bir evi yoktur. Bu nedenle aile konutu kavram\u0131 kiral\u0131k evleri de kapsamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

As\u0131l olan ailenin birlikte ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 evin m\u00fclkiyetine sahip olmas\u0131 de\u011fil, bir evin ailenin m\u00fc\u015fterek ya\u015fam\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/strong>Yasal deyimle konutun aileye \u00f6zg\u00fclenmesidir.<\/p>\n

Aile sadece e\u015flerden olu\u015fmamaktad\u0131r. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131 da i\u00e7ermektedir. En k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck toplum birimidir. Ailenin ve aile birli\u011finin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, \u00f6ncelikle ya\u015fan\u0131lan yerin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle Medeni Kanun\u2019un 194. maddesinde e\u015flerin aile konutu \u00fczerindeki i\u015flem yapma hakk\u0131n\u0131 di\u011fer e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131na ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u2019\u2019E\u015flerden biri, di\u011fer e\u015fin a\u00e7\u0131k r\u0131zas\u0131 bulunmad\u0131k\u00e7a, aile konutu ile ilgili kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini feshedemez, aile konutunu devredemez veya aile konutu \u00fczerindeki haklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayamaz.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aile konutu ile ilgili bu yasal d\u00fczenleme e\u015flerin fiil ehliyetini k\u0131s\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r. Emredici niteliktedir. Bu nedenle e\u015fler aile konutu \u00fczerindeki haklar\u0131ndan \u00f6nceden feragat edemezler. Aralar\u0131nda anla\u015farak bu haktan vazge\u00e7emezler. Geni\u015f bir izin veremezler. Her bir i\u015flem i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 e\u015ften r\u0131za al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereklidir.<\/p>\n

E\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131 \u015fekle ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011filse de a\u00e7\u0131k net ve tek bir olaya ili\u015fkin, kan\u0131tlanabilir nitelikte olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Medeni Kanun\u2019un bu h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn bir eve uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in o evin ne zaman aile konutu haline geldi\u011fi bilinmelidir.<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ekte, aileye \u00f6zg\u00fclenen ta\u015f\u0131nmaz, aile taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda aile konutu olmaktad\u0131r. Yasal d\u00fczenlemeler gere\u011fince de bir yerde oturmaya ba\u015flan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda muhtarl\u0131k kayd\u0131 yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, bir yerin aile konutu olmas\u0131n\u0131n ilk belirtisi, ailenin o konutun ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu muhtarl\u0131kta kay\u0131tl\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Aile konutu olarak kullan\u0131lagelen ta\u015f\u0131nmaz e\u015flerden birine ait ise, malik olmayan e\u015f, tapu m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden aile konutu \u015ferhi verilmesini isteyebilir.<\/p>\n

E\u011fer kiral\u0131k bir ev aile konutu olarak kullan\u0131lmakta ise, kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin taraf\u0131 olmayan e\u015f, kiralayana \u201ckiral\u0131k evin aile konutu oldu\u011funu\u201d bildirerek s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin taraf\u0131 haline gelir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini yapan e\u015f, di\u011fer e\u015fin haberi olmadan kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini fesih edemez. Bildirimde bulunan e\u015f de s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin taraf\u0131 haline geldi\u011finden kirac\u0131 s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 kazanarak s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden kaynaklanan bor\u00e7lardan, kira bedelinden s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi imzalayan e\u015fle birlikte sorumlu olur.<\/p>\n

Aile konutu \u015ferhi ve kiralayana yap\u0131lan bildirim a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 niteliktedir. Kurucu, yenilik do\u011furan bir i\u015flem de\u011fildir<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yleyse, tapuya ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n aile konutu oldu\u011fu \u015ferhi verildi\u011fi zaman bir ev aile konutu olmamaktad\u0131r. Ev aile konutu olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tapuya \u015ferh verilebilmektedir. Yani aile konutu \u015ferhi mevcut durumu a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kiral\u0131k ev aile konutu oldu\u011fu kiralayana bildirildi\u011fi i\u00e7in aile konutu olmamaktad\u0131r. Aile konutu oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bildirim yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ekte, kiralayan s\u00f6zle\u015fme yaparken aileye kiralad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zaten bilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Aile konutu \u015ferhinin a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 niteli\u011fi aile konutu \u00fczerine e\u015ften habersiz i\u015flem yap\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, malik olan e\u015fin, di\u011fer e\u015fe sormadan aile konutunu ipotek vermesi halinde, ipote\u011fin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilecektir. \u0130potek alan evin aile konutu oldu\u011funu bilmedi\u011fini, tapuda aile konutu \u015ferhi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcremeyecektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, \u015ferh olmasa bile ev aile konutudur. Bu noktada yasan\u0131n aileyi \u00f6ncelikle korudu\u011fu<\/strong> g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Konu ile ilgili Yarg\u0131tay Karar\u0131 i\u00e7in:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

T.C. Yarg\u0131tay 2. HD<\/strong> Esas:<\/strong>\u00a02020\/3385 Karar:<\/strong>\u00a02021\/476\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K.T.:<\/strong>\u00a021.01.2021<\/p>\n

\u00d6zet: <\/strong>E\u015flerden biri, di\u011fer e\u015fin a\u00e7\u0131k r\u0131zas\u0131 bulunmad\u0131k\u00e7a, aile konutu ile ilgili kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini feshedemez, aile konutunu devredemez veya aile konutu \u00fczerindeki haklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayamaz.<\/p>\n

MAHKEMES\u0130 :<\/strong>\u00a0Aile Mahkemesi<\/p>\n

DAVA T\u00dcR\u00dc :<\/strong>\u00a0Tapu \u0130ptali ve Tescil-Aile Konutu \u015eerhi Konulmas\u0131<\/p>\n

Taraflar aras\u0131ndaki davan\u0131n yap\u0131lan muhakemesi sonunda mahalli mahkemece verilen, yukar\u0131da tarihi ve numaras\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen h\u00fck\u00fcm davac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmekle, evrak okunup gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcp d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/p>\n

K A R A R<\/h4>\n

Davac\u0131, \u2026. \u2026.. Mahallesi \u2026. Ada \u2026 Parsel\u2019de kay\u0131tl\u0131 olan \u2026. \u2026. \u2026 Konut Yap\u0131 Kooperatifi \u2026 Blok Kat \u2026. No: \u2026. adresinde bulunan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n, aile konutu vasf\u0131na haiz oldu\u011funu, bu konutun e\u015fi \u2026 ad\u0131na kay\u0131tl\u0131 iken, davac\u0131n\u0131n izni ve bilgisi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n daval\u0131 \u2026\u2019a devredildi\u011fini, s\u00f6z konusu devir i\u015fleminde davac\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yap\u0131lan bu devirin kanunlara ayk\u0131r\u0131 olup, iptalinin gerekti\u011fini, sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n iptal edilerek tekrardan \u2026 ad\u0131na tescil ettirilmesine ve ta\u015f\u0131nmaz hakk\u0131nda tapuya aile konutu \u015ferhi konulmas\u0131na karar verilmesini talep ve dava etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Mahkemece, ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir tapu kayd\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, davan\u0131n kooperatif hissesine y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu, dahili daval\u0131 ile daval\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcp kesinle\u015fen, kayda dayal\u0131 m\u00fclkiyete ili\u015fkin olarak verilmi\u015f el atman\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi ve tahliye davas\u0131 oldu\u011fu, davac\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu konuttaki hakk\u0131n\u0131n ve oturumunun dahili daval\u0131ya istinaden oldu\u011fu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla m\u00fclkiyete dayal\u0131 davaya davan\u0131n niteli\u011fi gere\u011fi, davac\u0131n\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu haktan daha fazla \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck tan\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

4721 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 194\/1. maddesine g\u00f6re, \u201cE\u015flerden biri, di\u011fer e\u015fin a\u00e7\u0131k r\u0131zas\u0131 bulunmad\u0131k\u00e7a, aile konutu ile ilgili kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini feshedemez, aile konutunu devredemez veya aile konutu \u00fczerindeki haklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayamaz.\u201d Bu madde h\u00fckm\u00fc ile aile konutu \u015ferhi \u201cKonulmu\u015f olmasa da\u201d e\u015flerin birlikte ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 aile konutu \u00fczerindeki fiil ehliyetleri s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma, aile konutu \u015ferhi konuldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de\u011fil, zaten var oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in getirilmi\u015ftir. Bu sebeple, tapuya aile konutu \u015ferhi verilmese bile o konut aile konutu \u00f6zelli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131r. E\u015f s\u00f6yleyi\u015fle \u015ferh konuldu\u011fu i\u00e7in aile konutu olmamakta, aksine aile konutu oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u015ferh konulabilmektedir. Bu nedenle aile konutu \u015ferhi konuldu\u011funda, konulan \u015ferh \u201cKurucu\u201d de\u011fil \u201cA\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131\u201d \u015ferh \u00f6zelli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. An\u0131lan madde h\u00fckm\u00fc ile getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma, \u201cEmredici\u201d niteliktedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu haktan \u00f6nceden feragat edilemeyece\u011fi gibi e\u015flerin anla\u015fmas\u0131yla da ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lamaz ve a\u00e7\u0131k r\u0131za ancak \u201cBelirli olan\u201d bir i\u015flem i\u00e7in verilebilir.
\nT\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 193. maddesi h\u00fckm\u00fc ile e\u015flerin birbirleri ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerle olan hukuki i\u015flemlerinde \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck alan\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmakla birlikte, T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 194. madde h\u00fckm\u00fc ile e\u015flerin aile konutu ile ilgili baz\u0131 hukuksal i\u015flemlerinin di\u011fer e\u015fin r\u0131zas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu kural\u0131 getirilerek e\u015flerin hukuki i\u015flem \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u201cAile birli\u011finin korunmas\u0131\u201d amac\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re, e\u015flerden biri di\u011fer e\u015fin \u201cA\u00e7\u0131k r\u0131zas\u0131 bulunmad\u0131k\u00e7a\u201d aile konutu ile ilgili kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini feshedemez, aile konutunu devredemez ve aile konutu \u00fczerindeki haklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayamaz. Bu c\u00fcmleden hareketle, aile konutunun maliki olan e\u015f, aile konutundaki ya\u015fant\u0131y\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011fe sokacak bi\u00e7imde, aile konutunun ba\u015fkas\u0131 ad\u0131na devir edilerek, tescil edilmesi gibi \u201cTek ba\u015f\u0131na\u201d bir ayni hakla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131ramaz. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma \u201cAncak di\u011fer e\u015fin a\u00e7\u0131k r\u0131zas\u0131 al\u0131narak\u201d yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 194. maddesi yetkili e\u015fin izni i\u00e7in bir ge\u00e7erlilik \u015fekli \u00f6ng\u00f6rmemi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle s\u00f6z konusu izin bir \u015fekle tabi olmadan, s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak dahi verilebilir. Ancak maddenin ifadesinden de anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, iznin \u201cA\u00e7\u0131k\u201d olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

Somut olayda, daval\u0131 e\u015f dava konusu aile konutuna ili\u015fkin tahsisli kooperatif hissesini di\u011fer daval\u0131 \u2026\u2019a devir ederek kooperatif \u00fcyeli\u011fini tescil ettirmi\u015f, yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lama ve toplanan delillerle bu i\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131nda davac\u0131 e\u015fin a\u00e7\u0131k r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ispatlanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Aile konutu olan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n, hak sahibi olan e\u015f taraf\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiye devri, davac\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmektedir (TMK m. 194\/1) (HGK\u2019nun 24,05.2017 tarih 2017\/2-1604 esas, 2017\/967 karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131).<\/p>\n

E\u015f s\u00f6yleyi\u015fle e\u015fin \u201cA\u00e7\u0131k r\u0131zas\u0131 al\u0131nmadan\u201d yap\u0131lan i\u015flemin \u201cGe\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011funu\u201d kabul etmek zorunludur. Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bu durum kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan yasal d\u00fczenleme ile ilkelere uygun de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131larak davan\u0131n kabul\u00fcne karar verilmesi gerekirken, yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde ret h\u00fckm\u00fc kurulmas\u0131 usul ve kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 olup bozmay\u0131 gerektirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

S O N U \u00c7<\/h4>\n

Temyiz edilen h\u00fckm\u00fcn yukar\u0131da g\u00f6sterilen sebeple BOZULMASINA, temyiz pe\u015fin harc\u0131n\u0131n istek halinde yat\u0131rana geri verilmesine, i\u015fbu karar\u0131n tebli\u011finden itibaren 15 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde karar d\u00fczeltme yolu a\u00e7\u0131k olmak \u00fczere oybirli\u011fiyle karar verildi. 21.01.2021<\/strong> (Per.)<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

E\u015flerden Biri Di\u011ferinin A\u00e7\u0131k R\u0131zas\u0131 Olmadan Aile Konutu Hakk\u0131nda \u0130\u015flem Yapabilir mi?   Toplumun en temel yap\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131 olan aileyi olu\u015fturan e\u015flerin ve di\u011fer aile fertlerinin ortak ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli olarak kalmak \u00fczere kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer onlar\u0131n yerle\u015fim yeridir. Bireylerin aile olduklar\u0131 noktada, yani e\u015flerin evlenme akdinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ile yerle\u015fim yerleri m\u00fc\u015fterek hale gelmektedir. Evlenme […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2078,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"itsec_x_frame_options":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[53],"class_list":["post-2077","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makale","tag-aile"],"yoast_head":"\nE\u015flerden Biri Di\u011ferinin A\u00e7\u0131k R\u0131zas\u0131 Olmadan Aile Konutu Hakk\u0131nda \u0130\u015flem Yapabilir mi? - \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/axislawconsulting.com\/tr\/eslerden-biri-digerinin-acik-rizasi-olmadan-aile-konutu-hakkinda-islem-yapabilir-mi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"E\u015flerden Biri Di\u011ferinin A\u00e7\u0131k R\u0131zas\u0131 Olmadan Aile Konutu Hakk\u0131nda \u0130\u015flem Yapabilir mi? - \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"E\u015flerden Biri Di\u011ferinin A\u00e7\u0131k R\u0131zas\u0131 Olmadan Aile Konutu Hakk\u0131nda \u0130\u015flem Yapabilir mi?   Toplumun en temel yap\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131 olan aileyi olu\u015fturan e\u015flerin ve di\u011fer aile fertlerinin ortak ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli olarak kalmak \u00fczere kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer onlar\u0131n yerle\u015fim yeridir. 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